let me turn to riaz mohammed khan. >> thank you. let me say that the year 2012 has clarified some of the situations we are discussing today. for example there is an improvement of relationship with the u.s. and pakistan that is better coordination between afghanistan and pakistan and also there appears to be better clarity in the u.s. position relating to two very important questions which is withdrawal and negotiation. i offer a few comments based on my experience as part of the foreign office in 2008 and as an observer. i do not have any formal association. pakistan, several other in the region, have made policy mistakes, pakistan has support, it is not all on account -- there are many other dimensions to the conflict in the region. and they cannot place the blame for all the problems as to others. the first point that i would like to emphasize, to write a bit in the past. several years -- any responsible person from the union leadership for -- seeking afghanistan, or the taliban as an asset for the future, the foreign minister wo